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目的探讨HBV(乙型肝炎病毒)前C基因突变、血清型及基因型分型与HBV母婴传播的关系。方法100份HBsAg阳性孕产妇及其新生儿的外周血,发生母婴传播血清为病例组,其他为对照组。ELISA法检测乙肝两对半,根据S基因判断HBV血清型和基因型。对HBV前C基因进行扩增及序列分析。结果99份HBV血清型全为adw型;39例发生母婴传播HBV基因C型25例;B型13例;E型1例。60例未发生母婴传播,HBV基因B型50例;C型10例。两组HBV基因分型结果差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。39例发生母婴传播中27例发生了点突变,12例无任何突变,突变发生率为69%。结论HBV母亲C基因型可能更易发生母婴传播。HBV母婴传播中大多存在HBV前C基因变异并导致氨基酸取代,其中主要涉及丝氨酸、苏氨酸、酪氨酸等的磷酸化位点,这些重要位点氨基酸的取代可能在HBV母婴传播的发病中起作用。
Objective To investigate the relationship between hepatitis C virus (HBV) pre-C gene mutation, serotypes and genotypes and the transmission of HBV in infants and mothers. Methods 100 cases of HBsAg positive pregnant women and their newborns in peripheral blood, mother-to-child transmission of serum as the case group, the other as the control group. Two pairs and a half of hepatitis B by ELISA, HBV serotype and genotype according to S gene. The pre-HBV C gene was amplified and sequenced. Results All of the 99 HBV serotypes were adw type; in 39 cases there were 25 cases of HBV genotype C in mother-infant transmission, 13 cases in type B and 1 case in type E. 60 cases did not occur mother-to-child transmission, HBV genotype B 50 cases; C 10 cases. HBV genotyping results between the two groups were statistically significant (P <0.05). In 39 cases, 27 cases had a point mutation in mother-infant transmission, 12 cases had no mutation and the mutation rate was 69%. Conclusion HBV mothers C genotype may be more likely to have mother-to-child transmission. Most HBV pre-C gene mutations exist in mother-to-child transmission of HBV and lead to amino acid substitutions, mainly involving the phosphorylation sites of serine, threonine and tyrosine. The substitution of amino acids at these important sites may occur in mother-to-infant transmission of HBV Infection plays a role.