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疏浚物倾倒后,在水中残留的一些微细悬浮颗粒不可避免地会在海洋动力的作用下混合、输移和扩散,形成“远场”浓度场,对海域环境产生影响。 疏浚物倾倒对海域产生影响的决定因素,主要是它的入海负荷量(倾倒量、倾倒频数)、复杂程度和海域的自净能力。通常,倾倒量越大、越频繁、水质越混浊,对环境的影响也就越大。再则,其影响程度还取决于海域的环境容量(负荷限度),即海域的地理条件和水体的活跃程度。后者,主要是指海流的输移扩散能力和海水的更新率。一般海域越封闭、水域容积越小,海水交换能力越弱、稀释能力越低,因而环境负荷能力也就越低。 环境影响预测的目的,在于将上述原则与系统工程的方法联系起来,预测疏浚物所形成的悬浮物影响浓度场和定量地描述预选倾倒区抛泥怍业可能产生的环境后果,为疏浚物倾倒区选定,提供科学依据。
After the dredged material is poured down, some fine suspended particles remaining in the water will inevitably mix, transport and diffuse under the action of the ocean motive force to form a “far field” concentration field, which will affect the marine environment. The determinants of dredged material dumping impact on the sea area are mainly its load into the sea (dumping, dumping frequency), complexity and sea area self-purification capacity. In general, the greater the dumping volume, the more frequent, the poorer the water quality and the greater the impact on the environment. Furthermore, the degree of impact depends on the environmental capacity of the sea area (load limit), that is, the geographical conditions of the sea area and the degree of water activity. The latter, mainly refers to the current capacity of the migration and diffusion of sea currents and seawater renewal rate. The more closed the general waters, the smaller the volume of the water, the weaker the sea water exchange capacity, the lower the dilution capacity, so the lower the environmental load capacity. The purpose of environmental impact prediction is to link the above principles with systematic engineering methods to predict the concentration of suspended matter formed by dredged materials and to quantitatively describe the possible environmental consequences of suspended sediment dumping in dumping areas and to dredge District selected to provide a scientific basis.