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本文应用化学分析和田间试验方法 ,系统研究了风沙土钾素资源特征及酿酒葡萄对钾素的吸收利用。结果表明 :风沙土钾素含量较低 ,土壤速效钾含量及被土壤固定的施入钾量均随着施钾量的提高而增加 ,而且风沙土土壤缓效钾易于释放 ,能及时补充速效钾的亏缺 ,但也反映了缓效钾易于耗竭 ,土壤供钾缓冲能力较低。不同施钾处理中 ,植株和子粒含钾量均随施钾量的提高而提高 ,钾肥利用效率顺序为 :沙土 >轻沙土 >紧沙土。高肥力土壤基础供钾能力强 ,钾肥利用率较高 ,而低肥力土壤则相反 ,钾肥利用率差。钾素对于植株鲜重、根长、根数、百粒重、结果枝率等均有明显的影响 ,且可使酿酒葡萄含糖量、酒精和出汁率增加 ,而使总酸度降低
In this paper, chemical analysis and field test methods were used to systematically study the characteristics of potassium resources and the absorption and utilization of potassium by grape wine. The results showed that the content of potassium in aeolian sandy soil was lower, the content of available potassium in soil and the content of applied potassium in soil were both increased with the increase of potassium application. Moreover, the content of soluble potassium in aeolian soils was easy to release and the available potassium However, it also reflects that the slow-acting potassium is easy to be depleted and the potassium-buffering capacity of the soil is low. In different K application treatments, the K content of plants and seeds increased with the increase of K application rate. The order of K fertilizer use efficiency was as follows: sandy soil> light sandy soil> tight sandy soil. High fertility of soil base potassium supply capacity, potassium utilization is higher, while the low-fertility of the soil is the opposite, poor potassium utilization. Potassium has a significant effect on plant fresh weight, root length, root number, 100-grain weight, the result of branch rate and so on, and can increase the sugar content of alcohol, alcohol and juice, and reduce the total acidity