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常规三轴试验的固结阶段属于球应力作用下的三维压缩而渗流只发生在竖向的特殊过程,与Terzaghi一维固结过程既有区别又有一定的共同点,因此不能直接用Terzaghi一维固结理论解决该问题。基于有效应力原理、Darcy定律和线性材料假设,建立常规三轴试验固结阶段的水压力消散理论方程,并进一步给出其分离变量法的幂级数解和有限元解答。算例分析表明,幂级数解在固结初期收敛性较差,只有当固结度稍大时才表现出良好的稳定性。将理论方程的计算结果与双压力室WF有效应力路径三轴试验结果比对后发现,理论方程能够揭示三轴试验固结阶段的主要特点。理论分析表明,其差异性主要在于理想假设与真实土样性质不完全相同这一客观存在。
The consolidation phase of conventional triaxial tests belongs to the three-dimensional compression under the effect of the ball stress and the seepage only takes place in the vertical special process, which has some differences in common with the Terzaghi one-dimensional consolidation process and therefore can not be directly used by Terzaghi Dimensional consolidation theory to solve the problem. Based on the principle of effective stress, Darcy’s law and the assumption of linear material, the theoretical equation of water pressure dissipation in the consolidation stage of conventional triaxial test is established, and the power series solution and finite element solution of the separation variable method are given. The case study shows that the power series solution has poor convergence in the initial stage of consolidation, and shows good stability only when the degree of consolidation is slightly larger. Comparing the calculation results of the theoretical equation with the triaxial test results of WF effective stress paths in double pressure chamber, it is found that the theoretical equation can reveal the main characteristics of the consolidation phase of triaxial test. Theoretical analysis shows that the difference lies mainly in the objective assumption that the ideal assumption is not exactly the same as the real soil sample.