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目的评价天津市公务员人群亚健康状况及亚健康评定量表(SHMS V1.0)的信度和效度。方法采用分层随机整群抽样方法,抽取天津市公务员人群3 610人;采用SHMS V1.0和简明健康测量量表(SF-36)进行调查测评;通过计算重测信度、折半信度、Cronbach’sα系数、结构效度、效标效度等指标考察SHMS V1.0的信度和效度。结果 3 610名公务员SHMS V1.0平均得分为(68.482±11.726)分,生理、心理、社会亚健康3个子量表的平均得分分别为(69.400±13.345)、(68.972±14.380)和(66.400±14.217)分;其中30～40岁人群测评得分低于其他年龄段,少数民族公务员以及离婚、丧偶者的健康状况较差;公务员人群健康状况还与学历、职位性质、家庭人均月收入等因素有关;SHMS V1.0重测信度的内部相关系数(ICC)为0.853,折半信度的Spearman-Brown系数为0.959,内部一致性信度的Cronbach’sα系数为0.928;因子分析的8个公共因子可解释总变异的64.43%,并在相应项目上有较强的因子负荷,与量表的理论构想基本一致;SHMS V1.0总分与SF-36总分的Spearman相关系数为0.786(P<0.001)。结论天津市公务员人群的亚健康状态不容乐观;SHMS V1.0具有较好的信度和效度,适用于评价天津市公务员人群的亚健康状态。
Objective To evaluate the reliability and validity of sub-health status and sub-health rating scale (SHMS V1.0) in Tianjin civil servant population. Methods A stratified random cluster sampling method was used to select 3 610 people in Tianjin civil servants. The survey was conducted using SHMS V1.0 and the Concise Health Survey (SF-36). By calculating the test-retest reliability, Cronbach’sα coefficient, structural validity, criterion validity and other indicators to examine the reliability and validity of SHMS V1.0. Results The average score of 3 610 civil servants SHMS V1.0 was (68.482 ± 11.726) points, and the average scores of physical, psychological and social sub-health were 69.400 ± 13.345, 68.972 ± 14.380 and 66.400 ± 14.217) points; Among 30-40 years of age group evaluation score lower than other age groups, ethnic minority civil servants and divorced, widowed poor health status; health status of civil servants and academic qualifications, job nature, family per capita monthly income and other factors ; The internal correlation coefficient (ICC) of SHMS V1.0 test-retest reliability is 0.853, the Spearman-Brown coefficient of half-reliability degree is 0.959, and the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of internal consistency reliability is 0.928. The factor of 8 common factors 64.43% of the total variance can be explained, and there is a strong factor load on the corresponding items, which is basically consistent with the theoretical idea of the scale. Spearman’s correlation coefficient between SHMS V1.0 score and SF-36 score is 0.786 (P < 0.001). Conclusion The sub-health status of civil servants in Tianjin is not optimistic. SHMS V1.0 has good reliability and validity and is suitable for evaluating the sub-health status of civil servants in Tianjin.