光谱分析

• 作 者: 关德俶
• 机 构: 中国科学院石油研究所,
• 出 处: 科学大众
• 发表日期: 1956年06期
• 关键词: 顏色 次序排列 氢原子光谱 大气成分 复推 巢生 合量 生物机体 标准样品 能值

大約在三百多年前,捷克斯洛伐克科学家馬尔奇發現,一束白光通过三棱鏡以后,分解成为各种顏色的光线,这些光綫由紅到橙、黄、綠、青、藍、紫,按照一定的次序逐漸过渡(圖1)。这种光綫的組合就叫做光譜。虽然人們在自然界中早已观察到太陽的光譜——虹,但是人为地將光分解,这还是第一次。后來英國大科学家牛頓也做了这个实验。

About three hundred years ago, the Czechoslovak scientist Marche discovered that after passing through the prisms, a beam of white light was decomposed into rays of various colors. These rays ranged from red to orange, yellow, green, cyan, blue, and violet. Gradually transition in a certain order (Figure 1). This combination of light is called spectrum. Although people have already observed the spectrum of the sun, the rainbow, in nature, it is the first time that the light has been artificially decomposed. Later British scientists Newton also did this experiment.