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资本主义经济是需求制约型的经济,各个工业、服务业和其他产业部门,以至整个经济的生产水平都受到需求的限制,因而经常会引起生产过剩和各种生产要素(土地、劳动力、资金)未能充分利用的问题。这些问题都必须从经济政策上来加以解决。但是,在社会主义经济的条件下,往往发生许多与资本主义国家相反的种种“短缺”现象。这些短缺现象还不是暂时的、局部的,而是多次反复发生,遍及整个经济的全面性现象。长期以来,社会主义经济
The capitalist economy is a demand-constrained economy. The production level of various industries, service industries and other industrial sectors and the economy as a whole is constrained by the demand and often leads to overproduction and various factors of production (land, labor and capital) Problems that have not been fully utilized All these problems must be solved from the perspective of economic policy. However, under the conditions of a socialist economy, many phenomena of “shortage” often occur in contrast with the capitalist countries. These shortages are not temporary and partial but occur repeatedly and repeatedly throughout the entire economy. For a long time, the socialist economy