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[目的]了解张掖市﹤5岁儿童乙型病毒性肝炎(乙肝)感染现状和免疫抗体水平。[方法]采用分层抽样和单纯随机抽样的方法,采集1178名0～4岁儿童血清标本,检测乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)、乙肝病毒表面抗体(抗-HBs)阳性率水平。[结果]HBsAg阳性率1.19%,不同年龄组儿童HBsAg阳性率差异有统计学意义,不同县(区)HBsAg阳性率差异无统计学意义,农村儿童HBsAg阳性率高于城镇儿童;抗-HBs阳性率66.55%,不同年龄组、不同县(区)儿童抗-HBs阳性率差异均有统计学意义,农村儿童抗-HBs阳性率低于城镇儿童。[结论]国际疫苗免疫联盟(GAVI)项目乙肝疫苗(HepB)接种达到了预期的免疫效果。今后HepB免疫重点人群是农村地区儿童、母亲HBsAg阳性儿童;有必要对4岁以上儿童开展乙肝疫苗(HepB)加强免疫。
[Objective] To understand the status of hepatitis B (HBV) infection and immune antibody in children <5 years old in Zhangye city. [Methods] Serological samples of 1178 children aged 0 ~ 4 years old were collected by stratified sampling and simple random sampling to detect the positive rate of HBsAg and anti-HBs. [Results] The positive rate of HBsAg was 1.19%, and the positive rate of HBsAg in different age groups was statistically different. The positive rate of HBsAg in different counties (districts) was not statistically significant, and the positive rate of HBsAg in rural children was higher than that in urban children. The positive rate of anti-HBs Rate of 66.55%. The positive rates of anti-HBs in children of different age groups and counties (districts) were all statistically significant. The positive rate of anti-HBs in rural children was lower than that of urban children. [Conclusion] The Hepatitis B vaccine (HepB) vaccination achieved by the International Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization (GAVI) project achieved the expected immune effect. In the future HepB immunization focus population is rural children, mothers HBsAg-positive children; it is necessary for children over 4 years of age to carry out hepatitis B vaccine (HepB) boost immunity.