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目的采用国家“十五”攻关课题组所开发的“国人缺血性心血管病10年发病危险评估方法”对高校女教师未来10年发生心血管事件的绝对危险性进行评估,旨在检出高危个体,对其实施重点预防,对于高校教师达到最大的健康效果具有现实意义。方法选取西安市2010年来我院教学实验医院进行健康查体的年龄在35～59岁的高校女教师126名为研究对象,按每五年一个年龄组进行分组,采用上述方法对体检资料进行分析评价,将各危险因素分层评分求和查表即得所对应的10年发生ICVD(ischemic-cardiovascular diseases,ICVD)的绝对危险。结果 (1)除HDL-C均值为1.25略低于1.29 mmol/L外,血压、TC、TG、腰围、体质指数、空腹血糖等危险因素均值都在正常范围。(2)所有教师10年发生缺血性心血管事件的绝对危险均≤5%,为极低危。(3)被检出的MS人群与非MS人群10年发生缺血性心血管事件绝对危险度比较有非常显著性差异(P<0.01)。(4)与35～39岁年龄组比较,40～44岁/45～49岁年龄组10年发生心血管事件绝对危险度平均水平均有非常显著性差异(P<0.01),55～59岁年龄组与之有显著性差异(P<0.05),而50～54岁年龄组与之比较无显著性差异(P>0.05)。40～44岁/45～49岁年龄组与55～59岁年龄组比较均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。余各组间比较无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论 (1)受测评的高校女教师缺血性心血管事件10年发病危险度为极低危,推测可能与受试者均无吸烟这一危险因素,大多数年龄偏轻并具备职业运动特点有关。(2)与非MS人群相比,MS人群心血管事件危险性显著增加。因此,早期识别、诊断MS,有助于早期干预和遏制心血管疾病的发生。
Objective To evaluate the 10-year risk assessment of ischemic cardiovascular disease in China by “15th Five-Year Plan” national key task force to evaluate the absolute risk of cardiovascular events in female teachers in universities in the next 10 years, Designed to detect high-risk individuals, to implement its key prevention, for college teachers to achieve the maximum health effect of practical significance. Methods A total of 126 female university teachers aged 35-59 years old from 35 to 59 years old in Xi’an Experimental Teaching Hospital of our hospital from January to December were selected as the research subjects and divided into groups according to the age of five years. The physical examination data were analyzed by the above methods Evaluation, the risk of stratified stratification score table and get the corresponding 10-year absolute risk of ICVD (ischemic-cardiovascular diseases, ICVD). Results (1) The mean values of risk factors such as blood pressure, TC, TG, waist circumference, body mass index and fasting blood glucose were within the normal range except for the mean HDL-C of 1.25 slightly lower than 1.29 mmol / L. (2) All teachers 10 years absolute risk of ischemic cardiovascular events are ≤ 5%, very low risk. (3) There was a significant difference (P <0.01) in absolute risk of ischemic cardiovascular events in MS patients and non-MS patients detected within 10 years. (4) Compared with the 35-39 age group, the average absolute risk of cardiovascular events in the 40-44 / 45-49 age group was significantly different at 10 years (P <0.01), 55-59 There was significant difference between the age group (P <0.05), but there was no significant difference between the age group of 50 ~ 54 (P> 0.05). There was a significant difference between 40-44 years old / 45-49 years old group and 55-59 years old age group (P <0.05). There was no significant difference between the other groups (P> 0.05). Conclusions (1) The 10-year risk of ischemic cardiovascular events in university female teachers under evaluation is extremely low risk. It is speculated that there may be no risk factors of smoking with the subjects, most of them are young and occupational movement characteristics related. (2) Compared with non-MS population, MS population significantly increased the risk of cardiovascular events. Therefore, early identification and diagnosis of MS help to intervene early and prevent the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases.