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目的分析湖南省2012年出生缺陷发生情况,为开展新一年出生缺陷预防和干预提供参考依据。方法根据卫生部制定的《中国妇幼卫生监测方案》,采用以医院为基础的监测,对53家监测医院数据进行统计和分析。结果监测围产儿总数125 583例,其中缺陷儿2 574例,出生缺陷发生率为204.96/万。城镇出生缺陷发生率为234.74/万,农村发生率为181.02/万;男性发生率为215.79/万,女性发生率为191.43/万;35岁以上组年龄段发生率最高为225.59/万。主要缺陷种类依次为先心病、外耳其他畸形、肾脏畸形、总唇裂、多指(趾)等。结论 2012年湖南省出生缺陷发生率属于高发省份,城镇高于农村,男性高于女性,随着孕妇年龄的增加,发生率逐渐增高。建议加强孕妇健康宣传教育,提高婚检质量,减少出生缺陷儿的发生。
Objective To analyze the incidence of birth defects in Hunan Province in 2012 and provide references for the prevention and intervention of birth defects in the new year. Methods According to “China’s maternal and child health monitoring program” formulated by the Ministry of Health, hospital-based monitoring was used to conduct statistics and analysis of data from 53 monitoring hospitals. Results A total of 125 583 cases of perinatal children were monitored. Among them, 2,574 were defective and the incidence of birth defects was 204.96 per 10,000. The incidence of birth defects in urban areas was 234.74 / million, the incidence in rural areas was 181.02 / million; the incidence of male was 215.79 / million, the incidence of female was 191.43 / million; the highest incidence of age group of over 35 years old was 225.59 / million. The main types of defects followed by congenital heart disease, other malformations of the outer ear, kidney deformities, the total cleft lip, fingers (toes) and so on. Conclusions The incidence of birth defects in Hunan Province in 2012 was high in the provinces with a higher incidence in urban areas than in rural areas. The prevalence of birth defects was higher in males than in females. As the pregnant women increased their age, the incidence rate was gradually increased. Proposed to strengthen the health education of pregnant women to improve the quality of premarital examination to reduce the incidence of birth defects.