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目的分析唐山市2010—2014年其他感染性腹泻病的流行特征,为制定合理的防控措施提供科学依据。方法通过传染病报告信息管理系统对2010—2014年网络直报的其他感染性腹泻病例流行特征进行描述流行病学分析。结果 2010—2014年唐山市其他感染性腹泻病共报告病例38 833例,年发病率范围在81.48/10万~120.86/10万,呈逐年下降趋势,年度报告发病率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=862.40,P<0.01);男性年均报告发病率为98.45/10万,女性为85.76/10万,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=179.56,P<0.01);5岁以下年龄组占40.40%,其中<2岁组报告发病数占全部报告发病数的35.05%;散居儿童、农民、工人、家务及待业者和学生报告发病数分别占全部报告发病数的41.31%、24.42%、8.97%、6.67%和4.56%;平均发病率前5位的县(市)区依次为开平区(161.54/10万)、丰润区(139.60/10万)、丰南区(138.60/10万)、曹妃甸区(134.67/10万)和路北区(131.70/10万);2010—2014年其他感染性腹泻病发病具有明显的季节性,高峰出现在7—8月和11—12月。结论该市其他感染性腹泻病发病率呈逐年下降趋势,男性年均报告发病率与女性有差别,以婴幼儿发病为主,散居儿童、农民、工人居前3位,呈明显的夏季和冬季发病高峰。提示该市应继续加强卫生宣教工作,强化食品安全和饮水卫生监管工作,做好环境卫生整治;加强疫情报告及监测预警分析;做好应急处理,防止疫情扩散。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of other infectious diarrheal diseases in Tangshan from 2010 to 2014 and provide a scientific basis for formulating reasonable prevention and control measures. Methods Epidemiological analysis of the epidemiological characteristics of other infectious diarrhea cases from 2010-2014 online direct reporting was conducted through the Communicable Disease Reporting Information Management System. Results A total of 38 833 cases of other infectious diarrhea cases were reported in Tangshan from 2010 to 2014, with annual incidence ranging from 81.48 / 100000 to 120.86 / 100000, showing a declining trend year by year. The incidence of annual reports was significantly different (χ ~ 2 = 862.40, P <0.01). The average annual incidence of male was 98.45 / 100000 and the female was 85.76 / 100000, the difference was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 179.56, P <0.01) Accounting for 40.40% of the total reported cases, of which 35.05% of the total number of reported cases were reported in the 2-year-old group; 41.31% and 24.42% of the reported cases of scattered children, peasants, workers, house-keeping and unemployed persons and students respectively, , 8.97%, 6.67% and 4.56%, respectively. The top 5 cities in terms of average incidence were Kaiping District (161.54 / 100,000), Fengrun District (139.60 / 100,000) and Fengnan District (138.60 / 100,000) ), Caofeidian district (134.67 / 100000) and Lubei district (131.70 / 100000). The incidence of other infectious diarrhea in 2010-2014 was obviously seasonal with the peak occurring in July-August and November-December. Conclusion The morbidity of other infectious diarrheal diseases in the city is decreasing year by year. The annual average reported incidence of males is different from that of females. The incidence of infants and young children is the highest in this city, and the top three are scattered children, peasants and workers, showing obvious summertime and winter Peak incidence. Prompted that the city should continue to strengthen the health missionary work, strengthen food safety and drinking water hygiene supervision, good environmental sanitation control; strengthen the reporting of the epidemic and monitoring and early warning analysis; emergency response to prevent the spread of the epidemic.