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宗教观是关于宗教的根源、本质、功能及其生成、嬗变、消亡之内在逻辑的根本观点。马克思宗教观的深刻之处在于把宗教问题的探究、审视与批判诉诸物质生活实践,从而在本体论维度颠覆了以往宗教理论的观念论立场,开启了宗教研究的新视界,引发了近代宗教批判运动历史性转向和框架性革命。在马克思看来,探究宗教的本质不仅要研究生活的结构关系,而且要进一步研究并揭示生活主体的现实本质,通过探究人的本质进而揭示宗教的本质。在马克思看来,对于实践唯物主义者来说,宗教批判问题乃至全部问题,其实质都在于使现存世界革命化,实际地反对与改变事物的现状。
Religious concept is the fundamental view of the inherent logic of religion, its essence, function and its formation, evolution and demise. The profound point of Marx’s religious view lies in resorting the inquiry, examination and criticism of religious issues to the practice of material life, thus subverting the concept of religious theory from the viewpoint of ontology, starting the new horizon of religious studies and triggering the development of modern religions The historical shift of the critical movement and the framework revolution. In Marx’s view, exploring the nature of religion should not only study the structural relationship of life, but also further study and reveal the true essence of the subject of life and reveal the nature of religion by exploring the essence of man. For Marx, for the practical materialists, the problem of religious criticism and even of all its problems lies in the fact that the essence of the existing world is to revolutionize and actually oppose and change things.