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目的了解湖南长沙市成人居民伤害发生情况及其影响因素。方法利用长沙市芙蓉区2013年3—4月和开福区2014年4—5月慢性病基线调查中的伤害数据,对辖区内≥18岁常住居民进行流行病学调查;采用两水平Poisson回归分析伤害发生次数的影响因素,采用发生率比(IRR)衡量各影响因素的作用大小。结果本次调查对象共6 397人,其中女性占58.2%,已婚者占80.4%,离退休人员占24.8%,平均年龄为(52.0±16.5)岁。被调查人群伤害人数发生率为3.6%(95%CI=3.2%~4.1%),伤害人次数发生率为4.5%(95%CI=4.0%~5.0%)。伤害发生的前3位原因分别为跌倒/坠落/摔伤、道路交通伤害、其他伤害,伤害次数发生率分别为2.6%、0.7%和0.7%。在伤害的严重程度方面,平均住院19.1天,伤害致残率为2.1%。在发生道路交通伤害中,以行人和骑电动车及其乘客身份为主,分别占36.2%和31.9%。稳定的婚姻生活和工作是伤害发生的保护因素,地区、性别、年龄段、文化程度对伤害发生次数无影响。结论长沙市2个区居民伤害发生的前3位原因分别为跌倒/坠落/摔伤、道路交通伤害、其他伤害;婚姻状况和职业是伤害发生的影响因素。
Objective To understand the incidence of adult residents injuries and their influencing factors in Changsha, Hunan Province. Methods The epidemiological survey of residents aged 18 and above was conducted by using the data of injury in the baseline survey of chronic diseases in March-April 2013 and March-April 2013 in Furong District of Changsha City and Kaifu District in April-May of 2014. Two-level Poisson regression analysis The impact of the number of injuries, the incidence rate (IRR) to measure the impact of various factors. Results A total of 6 397 subjects were surveyed, of whom 58.2% were women, 80.4% were married and 24.8% were retirees, with an average age of (52.0 ± 16.5) years. The incidence of injuries was 3.6% (95% CI = 3.2% ~ 4.1%) and the number of injuries was 4.5% (95% CI = 4.0% -5.0%). The top three causes of injuries were falling / falling / falling, road traffic injuries, other injuries and the number of injuries were 2.6%, 0.7% and 0.7% respectively. In terms of the severity of injuries, the average hospitalization was 19.1 days with a rate of 2.1%. In road traffic injuries, pedestrians and ride-on electric vehicles and their passengers were the majority, accounting for 36.2% and 31.9% respectively. Stable marriage life and work are the protective factors of injury, and the district, gender, age group and education have no effect on the number of injuries. Conclusion The first three causes of injuries among residents in two districts of Changsha City are fall, fall, fall, road traffic injuries and other injuries respectively. Marital status and occupation are the influencing factors of injury.