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目的采用田间试验,研究氮、磷、钾等量条件下,中药渣堆肥与无机肥配合施用对当归产量和品质的影响。方法试验设6个处理,即:T1(不施肥)、T2(单施化肥,每公顷施N 90 kg、P2O590 kg、K2O 60 kg)、T3(每公顷施堆肥1 350 kg+86-84-52 N-P2O5-K2O kg)、T4(每公顷施堆肥2 250 kg+83-81-47 N-P2O5-K2O kg)、T5(每公顷施堆肥3 150 kg+82-77-42 N-P2O5-K2O kg)及T6(每公顷单施堆肥4 500 kg,其N量等同T2)。结果单施中药渣堆肥能降低当归早期抽薹率,增强当归生长期净光合速率和蒸腾速率,提高当归阿魏酸和藁本内酯含量,比对照(T1)分别提高57.69%和1.78%;堆肥与化肥配合施用能促进生长后期当归根系的伸长及增粗,增加当归产量。结论综合考虑产量构成因素、品质指标及对化肥土壤环境的影响等因素,以T3(每公顷施用堆肥1 350 kg+86-84-52 N-P2O5-K2O kg)可作为岷县当归产区推荐施肥量。
OBJECTIVE To study the effects of combined application of Chinese medicinal residue compost and inorganic fertilizer on the yield and quality of Angelica sinensis under field conditions of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium under field conditions. Methods Six treatments including T1 (without fertilization), T2 (with chemical fertilizers alone, N 90 kg per hectare, P2O590 kg and K2O 60 kg), T3 (1 350 kg + 86-84- 52 N-P2O5-K2O kg), T4 (2 250 kg + 83-81-47 N-P2O5-K2O kg per hectare), T5 (3 150 kg + 82-77-42 N-P2O5 per hectare -K2O kg) and T6 (4 500 kg composting alone per hectare, with N equivalent to T2). Results Compared with the control (T1), the composting with Chinese medicinal residue could reduce the early bolting rate of Angelica sinensis, enhance the net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate of Angelica sinensis growing stage, and increase the content of ferulic acid and ligustilide in Angelica sinensis, respectively, by 57.69% and 1.78% Cooperated with chemical fertilizers can promote the elongation and thickening of the root system of Angelica sinensis in late growth stage and increase the yield of Angelica sinensis. Conclusion Considering factors such as yield components, quality index and impact on soil environment of chemical fertilizers, T3 (applying 1 350 kg + 86-84-52 N-P2O5-K2O kg per hectare) can be recommended as an angelica producing area in Minxian County Fertilizer amount.