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目的调查西藏林芝地区中小学生结核菌素(PPD)试验结果,为结核病的防治提供依据。方法调查及分析2006~2008年西藏林芝地区3 987名中小学生的PPD检查结果,采用SPSS 13.0软件进行统计分析。结果纳入的3 987名受检学生中,PPD阳性率、强阳性率和总体阳性率分别为11.4%、5.1%和16.5%,共发现5名学生患肺结核,患病率为125.4/10万。男生和女生的PPD阳性率、强阳性率分别为11.3%、4.4%和11.5%、5.7%。小学生和中学生的PPD阳性率、强阳性率分别为6.9%、3.9%和18.8%、7.1%,中学生PPD阳性率明显高于小学生,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。城镇、农村和流动人口中学生的PPD阳性率分别为16.5%、9.5%、8.9%,强阳性检出率分别为6.1%、4.8%、1.4%,城镇学生阳性和强阳性率均明显高于农村学生和流动人口学生(P<0.05)。藏族、汉族和其他少数民族学生的PPD强阳性检出率分别为5.2%、4.0%、6.0%,少数民族学生的PPD阳性率高于汉族(P<0.05)。结论林芝地区中小学生PPD阳性率较高,应加强对中小学生结核病的防控工作。
Objective To investigate the results of tuberculin (PPD) test in primary and secondary school students in Linzhi area of Tibet, and to provide basis for the prevention and treatment of tuberculosis. Methods The PPD test results of 3 987 primary and secondary school students in Linzhi Prefecture of Tibet from 2006 to 2008 were investigated and analyzed. The data were analyzed by SPSS 13.0 software. Results Among 3 987 students enrolled, the positive rate of PPD, the positive rate of strong positive rate and the overall positive rate were 11.4%, 5.1% and 16.5% respectively. A total of 5 students were found to have pulmonary tuberculosis with a prevalence of 125.4 / 100 000. The positive rate and strong positive rate of PPD for boys and girls were 11.3%, 4.4% and 11.5%, 5.7% respectively. The PPD positive rate and strong positive rate of primary and middle school students were 6.9%, 3.9% and 18.8%, 7.1% respectively. The positive rate of PPD in middle school students was significantly higher than that of primary school students (P <0.05). The positive rates of PPD in urban, rural and migrant population were 16.5%, 9.5% and 8.9%, respectively, and the positive rates were 6.1%, 4.8% and 1.4% respectively. Students and migrant students (P <0.05). The positive rates of PPD in Tibetan, Han nationality and other ethnic minorities were 5.2%, 4.0% and 6.0% respectively. The positive rates of PPD in ethnic minority students were higher than those in Han (P <0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of PPD among primary and middle school students in Nyingchi Prefecture is relatively high. Prevention and control of TB among primary and secondary students should be strengthened.