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1.任何事物对于人类来说一般都具有两重性,即既有有利的积极一面,又有不利的消极一面,区别只在于何者为主、何者为次而已。人类总是要力求充分利用其有利方面而限制和改造其不利方面。而当有利的积极方面得以充分利用、不利的消极方面受到限制改造并朝着有利方面转化的时候,它所取得的总效应结果,实际上就是积极效果的放大或优化。这也正是任何真正的科学知识应当和可以具有的功能。科学学的研究对象是整体科学技术,科学学的研究目的是从整体上认识科学技术的性质和特点、内部结构和外部联系、运动变化和发展规律,在正确认识的前提下,利用、改造和发展科学技术,提高它的有利方面,控制和改造它的不利方面,使科学技术的积极功能得以放大或优化,以越来越好地为人类需要服务。
1. Everything is generally dualistic to human beings, that is, there are both positive and negative sides, and the negative ones are negative. The difference lies only in which one is the main one and what is the second. Human beings are always striving to make full use of their positive aspects to limit and reform their negative aspects. When the favorable positive aspects are fully utilized and the negative ones negative are transformed and transformed into favorable ones, the overall effect they have achieved is actually amplification or optimization of the positive effects. This is exactly what any real scientific knowledge should and can have. The object of study in science is holistic science and technology. The purpose of scientific research is to understand the nature and characteristics of science and technology as a whole, internal structure and external relations, changes in the laws of movement and laws of development. With the correct understanding, The development of science and technology, the enhancement of its enabling aspects, the control and transformation of its adverse aspects, the enlargement or optimization of the positive functions of science and technology in order to serve the human needs better and better.