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目的调查同时接触噪声和高温的造纸厂工人心血管系统状况。方法选取某造纸厂290名接触噪声和高温作业人员为接触组,同时选取250名其他单位行政管理人员为对照组,收集两组人员2012—2014年连续3年的血压和心电图结果,以及造纸厂作业场所高温WBGT指数和噪声强度。结果造纸厂2012—2014年噪声检测超标率分别为44.83%、22.50%、18.18%,高温检测超标率分别为11.11%、7.69%、38.46%。接触组高血压、心电图异常检出率呈逐年上升趋势(趋势χ2=27.640&14.446,P<0.01),2014年高血压、心电图异常检出率分别为20.00%、14.83%,均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.011、3.963,P<0.05),高血压、心电图异常检出率随工龄的增加而升高(趋势χ2=11.879、5.655,P<0.05)。结论噪声和高温是造纸厂职业性有害因素关键控制点,长期噪声和高温作业对工人的心血管系统有一定的损伤。
Objective To investigate the cardiovascular system status of paper mill workers exposed to both noise and heat at the same time. Methods A total of 290 workers exposed to noise and heat in a paper mill were selected as the contact group and 250 other administrators were selected as the control group to collect the blood pressure and electrocardiogram results of the two groups for three consecutive years from 2012 to 2014 and the paper mill High Temperature WBGT Indices and Noise Intensity at Workplaces. Results The standard of noise detection of paper mills in 2012-2014 was 44.83%, 22.50% and 18.18% respectively. The over-standard rates of high-temperature testing were 11.11%, 7.69% and 38.46% respectively. The detection rate of abnormal blood pressure and electrocardiogram in the exposure group showed an upward trend year by year (trend χ2 = 27.640 & 14.446, P <0.01). In 2014, the detection rates of abnormalities of hypertension and electrocardiogram were 20.00% and 14.83% Group, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 5.011,3.963, P <0.05), hypertension, electrocardiogram anomaly detection rate increased with the increase of the length of service (trend χ2 = 11.879,5.655, P <0.05). Conclusion Noise and high temperature are the key control points of occupational harmful factors in paper mills. Long-term noise and high temperature work have some damage to the cardiovascular system of workers.