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目的了解南昌市风疹和流行性腮腺炎的流行病学特征,为制订控制措施提供依据。方法采用描述流行病学分析方法,对南昌市2004-2010年法定传染病报告系统风疹及流行性腮腺炎疫情资料进行分析。结果 2004-2010年南昌市报告风疹1 190例,年平均发病率3.66/10万;流行性腮腺炎6 653例,年平均发病率20.57/10万;发病高峰均在4~7月份;风疹城乡发病率,比为1.00∶1.45,流行性腮腺炎城乡发病率比为2.19∶1.00。风疹男、女性别比为1.76∶1.00,流行性腮腺炎男、女性别比为2.27∶1.00。风疹发病以散居儿童为主,占全年报告例数的54.29%,流行性腮腺炎发病以学生为主,占全年报告例数的55.08%。结论应对儿童、青少年、育龄期妇女等重点人群接种疫苗,同时采取加强疫情监测、开展健康教育等综合措施降低风疹及流行性腮腺炎的发病率。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of rubella and mumps in Nanchang and provide evidence for the establishment of control measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis method was used to analyze the data of epidemic situation of rubella and mumps reported by the notifiable infectious disease reporting system in Nanchang City from 2004 to 2010. Results A total of 190 cases of rubella were reported from 2004 to 2010 in Nanchang City, with an average annual incidence of 3.66 / 100 000. There were 6 653 cases of mumps, with an average annual incidence of 20.57 / 100 000; the peak incidence was in April and July; The incidence rate, ratio was 1.00: 1.45, mumps morbidity ratio was 2.19: 1.00. Rubella male and female ratio was 1.76: 1.00, mumps male and female ratio was 2.27: 1.00. The incidence of rubella is mainly for scattered children, accounting for 54.29% of the annual report cases. The incidence of mumps is student-centered, accounting for 55.08% of the annual report cases. Conclusions Vaccination should be carried out on key populations such as children, adolescents and women of childbearing age. At the same time, we should take comprehensive measures such as strengthening epidemic situation surveillance and conducting health education to reduce the incidence of rubella and mumps.