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作者报道特异性寡核苷酸引物引导聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）技术检测脑脊液中结核杆菌ＤＮＡ。所用引物来自于编码结核杆菌的６５ＫＤａ蛋白质抗原基因，产生特异的３８３ｂｐ片段。对１０倍连续稀释的人型结核杆菌ＤＮＡ进行ＰＣＲ，可检测出１ｐｇ结核杆菌ＤＮＡ，相当于１０～１００个细菌。应用ＰＣＲ检测４２例结脑脑脊液，阳性率为５７．１４％，直接涂片镜检和细胞培养阳性率分别为７．１４％和１４．２８％；４６例非结脑脑脊液中，３种检测结果均阴性。研究结果表明，ＰＣＲ检测脑脊液中结核杆菌ＤＮＡ有较高的敏感性和特异性，它快速、简便，有望成为一种临床常规检测结核杆菌方法。
The authors report that specific oligonucleotide primers guide polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect M. tuberculosis DNA in cerebrospinal fluid. The primers used were derived from the 65 kDa protein antigen gene encoding Mycobacterium tuberculosis, resulting in a specific 383 bp fragment. PCR of 10-fold serial dilutions of human Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA detected 1pg Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA, equivalent to 10 to 100 bacteria. 42 cases of cerebrospinal fluid were detected by PCR, the positive rate was 57.14%, the direct smear microscopy and cell culture positive rates were 7.14% and 14.28%; 46 cases of non-cerebrospinal fluid, three kinds of detection The results were negative. The results show that PCR detection of cerebrospinal fluid Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA has a high sensitivity and specificity, it is fast and easy, is expected to become a clinical routine detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis method.