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通过数值模拟详细讨论了预制盖板涵的涵顶、台背和基底土压力分布情况。对盖板、侧墙和基础预制构件内力进行了分析。结果表明:涵周土压力呈非线性,盖板上垂直土压力中间小,两侧支撑点处大。侧墙土压力呈抛物线形,最大土压力位于距底端1/2～2/3处。基底最大压力约等于结构和上覆土体自重压力。涵洞与两侧边坡的距离差异引起涵周土压力与结构内力的差异,距离边坡较近,涵周压力和构件内力较小。在对涵洞预制构件进行设计计算时,除跨中弯矩抗弯能力外,应当重点考虑搭接位置处的抗剪强度。侧墙与基础底板搭接处的强度要求可根据侧墙底端剪力和基础轴力确定。
The pressure distribution on the culvert, back and base of prefabricated culvert was discussed in detail by numerical simulation. The internal forces of the cover, side walls and foundation prefabricated members were analyzed. The results show that the earth pressure on the Han dynasty is non-linear, the vertical earth pressure on the cover plate is small, and the supporting points on both sides are large. The soil pressure on the side wall is parabolic, and the maximum earth pressure is located at 1/2 ~ 2/3 from the bottom. The maximum substrate pressure is approximately equal to the weight of the structure and overburden soil. The difference between the culverts and the distance between two sides of the slope caused the difference between the earth pressure and the internal force of the structure, which is close to the slope, and the pressure of the culvert and the internal force of the member are smaller. In the design and calculation of culvert prefabricated components, in addition to mid-bending moment bending capacity, should focus on the overlap position at the shear strength. The strength requirements of the side wall and the base plate overlap can be determined according to the shear force at the bottom of the side wall and the basic axial force.