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目的:分析永嘉县新涂阳肺结核的流行特征,探索结核病防控对策。方法:分析2005—2010年新发涂阳肺结核的疫情资料及治疗转归情况。结果:1 461例新涂阳患者中男女之比为2.18∶1;18～34岁组构成比例占41.55%,60岁以上组发病率达41.85/10万;职业分布以农民为主,占35.59%,其次为民工和工人;38个乡镇均有发病,而以人口流动频繁的沿江平原乡镇为多。按照DOTS策略落实全程督导治疗管理,平均治愈率86.38%。结论:科学地做好青壮年劳动力人群及老年人群的肺结核病防控工作;要重点倾斜城区结防队伍的建设,加强沿江平原重镇结核病的防治力度;进一步规范病人的发现、报告、转诊、追踪、治疗、督导、管理等工作,不断提高病人的追踪到位率、系统管理率和治愈率。
Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of new smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis in Yongjia County and explore the countermeasures of tuberculosis prevention and control. Methods: The epidemic situation of new smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis in 2005-2010 and the outcome of treatment were analyzed. Results: The ratio of male to female in 1 461 new smear positive patients was 2.18:1. The proportion of 18-54 years old group was 41.55%, and the incidence of over 60 years old group was 41.85 / 100000. The occupational distribution was dominated by peasants, accounting for 35.59% %, Followed by migrant workers and workers; all 38 villages and towns have the disease incidence, while the population in the plains and towns along the Yangtze River is frequent. According to DOTS strategy to implement the whole supervision and treatment management, the average cure rate of 86.38%. Conclusion: Scientific work should be done to prevent and control pulmonary tuberculosis in the working-age population and elderly population in the middle-aged and young people. The construction of knot-prevention and control teams in urban areas should be emphasized and TB prevention and treatment should be strengthened in the key plains of the Yangtze River Plain. Patients’ discoveries, reports, Tracking, treatment, supervision, management and other work to continuously improve the patient’s tracking rate, system management and cure rates.