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采用田间试验以基肥和返青肥两种施肥方式,施生物硅肥量为0、150、300、450、600、750 kg hm-2六个水平,研究了白浆型水稻土不同生物硅肥施用量对水稻生理指标的影响。结果表明,适宜的生物硅肥施用量(450 kg hm-2)对水稻叶片叶绿素含量有显著的影响,可使叶绿素的含量提高9.6%,从而延缓了水稻功能叶片的光合功能期;水稻叶片的保护酶(CAT、POD)在施用生物硅肥后可维持较高的活性或受到抑制程度较低,使所受膜脂过氧化程度(MDA的含量)相对较低,生物硅肥施用量为450 kg hm-2时水稻叶片的CAT、POD活性达最大值,MDA的含量达到最低值,这说明施用生物硅肥促进了膜脂脱氧化作用,延缓功能叶片的衰老;施用生物硅肥后提高了植株干物质的合成与积累,促进了可溶性糖向淀粉的转移和碳水化合物的运输,协调了源、库关系。在本试验中,生物硅肥施用量为450 kg hm-2效果最好,施肥效果各处理表现为:Si3>Si4>Si5>Si2>Si1>Si0,各处理间差异达到极显著,两种施肥方式做基肥的要比返青肥的效果好。
Field experiments were conducted to study the fertilization modes of basal fertilizer and returning green manure, applying six biological fertilizers (0, 150, 300, 450, 600 and 750 kg hm-2) Effect of Dosage on Physiological Indexes of Rice. The results showed that the suitable biosilver application rate (450 kg hm-2) significantly affected chlorophyll content of rice leaves, which increased the content of chlorophyll by 9.6%, delayed the photosynthetic functional period of functional leaves of rice; Protease (CAT, POD) maintained high activity or was inhibited to a lesser degree after biosilver application, resulting in a relatively low degree of membrane lipid peroxidation (MDA content). The application rate of biosilica was 450 kg hm-2, CAT and POD activities in rice leaves reached the maximum value, and the content of MDA reached the minimum value, which indicated that the application of biological silicon fertilizer promoted membrane lipid deoxidation and delayed the senescence of functional leaves; Plant dry matter synthesis and accumulation, and promote the transfer of soluble sugar to starch and carbohydrate transport, coordinate the relationship between source and reservoir. In this experiment, the application rate of biological silicon fertilizer was 450 kg hm-2, and the results showed that the fertilization effect showed as follows: Si3> Si4> Si5> Si2> Si1> Si0. Way to do more than the effect of base fertilizer to green.