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Almost all mental health research involves the use of instruments or scales.These are employed to make diagnoses;to measure the severity of symptoms;to assess knowledge,attitudes and behaviors;and for a wide range of other purposes.Much of the reported mental health research in China employs Chinese versions of scales from the west,but in many cases the reliability and validity of the scales in China have not been adequately assessed so the validity of the reported results is in question.This paper discusses this issue and other aspects of using instruments and scales in China that have not been given sufficient attention by mental health researchers.