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关于环境犯罪客体的界定,学界存在不同的学说,通过对这些主要学说的利弊分析以及对环境刑法法益的厘定可知,环境犯罪客体应当界定为环境犯罪行为侵犯或威胁的而为刑法所保护的生态安全法益。其中,刑法学上的“生态安全”是指人类赖以生存的区域、国家乃至全球生态环境及其要素处于不危及人类基本生存与发展的正常状况,在短期或长期不会因为人类的严重破坏、污染行为而陷于生态危机。以此为基础,现行环境刑事立法应当围绕环境犯罪的既遂标准、类罪划分、环境违法行为的入罪范围等方面做进一步的完善。
On the definition of the object of environmental crime, there are different theories in academia. Based on the analysis of the pros and cons of these major theories and the determination of the legal benefits of environmental criminal law, we can see that the object of environmental crime should be defined as the ecology protected by criminal law Security interests. Among them, the “law of ecological security” in criminal law refers to the normal state where the ecological environment and its elements inhabited by human beings are not endangering the basic survival and development of mankind, and will not be neglected in the short or long term because of human beings Severe damage, pollution and trapped in the ecological crisis. Based on this, the current environment criminal legislation should further improve the standards of the completion of environmental crimes, the classification of crimes by class and the scope of criminalization of environmental violations.