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研究了堆焊工艺和材料对镍基合金光束粉末堆焊质量的影响规律。为获得优质堆焊层 ,预涂层的宽度必须小于光斑直径 ,较大的预涂厚度会导致堆焊层与基材结合不良 ,厚度较小时 ,因过高的稀释率使堆焊层宏观硬度显著下降。采用多层焊和多道搭接工艺可获得大厚度、大面积堆焊层。堆焊层横向裂纹、焊道边缘气孔及层间未熔合是多层堆焊时易产生的缺陷。大面积堆焊时 ,焊趾位置会因选择性润湿而出现未搭接。合理控制堆焊线能量、对前道焊缝的清理以及堆焊过程中加强对熔池的保护 ,是获得大厚度、大面积堆焊层的关键。在镍基合金中加入与其相互润湿的金属陶瓷相 (镍包WC) ,并控制其加入量可获得无缺陷的、更高硬度的复合堆焊层。
The influence of surfacing technology and material on the quality of Ni-based alloy beam powder surfacing was studied. In order to obtain high quality surfacing layer, the width of the precoating layer must be smaller than the spot diameter. A larger precoating thickness will lead to poor bonding between the surfacing layer and the substrate. When the thickness is small, the macroscopic hardness Decreased significantly. Multi-layer welding and multi-channel lap technology can be large-thickness, large-area surfacing layer. Overlaying layer transverse cracks, weld bead edge and the layer is not fusion is easy to produce multi-layer surfacing defects. Large area surfacing, weld toe position due to selective wetting there is not overlap. Reasonable control of the surfacing wire energy, the cleanup of the front weld and the welding process to strengthen the protection of the pool, is to obtain a large thickness, a large area of surfacing the key. In the nickel-based alloy with its mutual wetting of the cermet phase (nickel package WC), and control the amount added to obtain defect-free, higher hardness of the composite surfacing layer.