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氨基甙类抗菌素是抗革兰氏阴性细菌感染的有效药物。最先发现的是链霉素继而新霉素(Neomycin)、巴龙霉素(Paromomycin)、卡那霉素(Kanamycin)、庆大霉素(Gentamycin)、妥布霉素(Tobramycin)、丁胺卡那霉素(Amikacin)、西梭霉素(Sisomycin)、最新发现的是Netilmicin。它们的化学结构和抗菌作用基本相似。分子中含有氨基糖分子与非糖部分的甙元结合而成的甙,故称氨基甙类(Aminoglucoside)。这类药体内破坏很少,大部分以原形由尿中排出,可用于治疗泌尿道感染,其主要毒性是对第八对脑神经和肾脏有损害,在肾功能减退时,应用本组药物要格外谨慎。
Aminoglycosides are potent drugs against Gram-negative bacterial infections. The first to find streptomycin followed by Neomycin, Paromomycin, Kanamycin, Gentamycin, Tobramycin, Butylamine Amikacin, Sisomycin, the latest is Netilmicin. Their chemical structure and antibacterial effect are similar. Amino glycosides (Aminoglucosides) are made from glycosides that contain amino sugar molecules and non-sugar moieties in the molecule. The destruction of these drugs rarely, most of the prototype discharged from the urine, can be used for the treatment of urinary tract infections, the main toxicity is the eighth of the cranial nerves and kidneys have damage in renal dysfunction, the application of this group of drugs to Be cautious.