论文部分内容阅读
为探讨男性吸烟和饮酒可能对下一代智力发育的影响,我们对淮北某煤矿225名男性职工及其妻子进行了回顾性定群研究。调查内容包括:225名男工在妻子怀孕以前3个月内的吸烟和饮酒习惯以及妻子怀孕期毒物接触史等19项目前已知的可能影响儿童智力发育的因素,并对调查对象的6—12周岁学龄期子女进行了智力测试。研究结果显示:6—12岁儿童的言语智商(VIQ)、操作智商(PIQ)、总智商(FIQ) 在父亲饮酒组和非饮酒组之间,以及父亲不同程度饮酒各组间均无明显差异(P>0.05)。男性吸烟对后代智力发育有明显影响。父亲吸烟组6—12岁儿童平均言语智商(83.97±17.05)、平均操作智商(81.93±15.45)和平均总智商(81.65±15.32)与非吸烟组6—12岁儿童平均言语智商(96.00±13.42)、平均操作智商(91.86±15.43)、平均总智商(94.02±12.63)之间有非常明显差异(P<0.01)。且吸烟程度越严重,其子女智商越低,呈明显剂量—效应关系。每天吸烟超过20支,其子女弱智(FIQ<70患病率为43.5％(20/46);而非吸烟组,弱智儿童仅4.8％(3/63);RR=9.06(P<0.01)。
To investigate the influence of male smoking and alcohol consumption on the next generation of intellectual development, we conducted a retrospective cohort study of 225 male workers and their wives at a coal mine in Huaibei. The survey included 19 previously known factors that could affect the mental development of children, including smoking and drinking habits of 225 male workers within 3 months before their wives’ pregnancy and the history of their contacts with their wives during pregnancy. The 6- 12-year-old school-age children were tested for intelligence. The results showed that VIQ, PIQ and FIQ of 6-12-year-old children had no significant difference between father drinking group and non-drinking group, and father’s different drinking levels (P> 0.05). Male smoking has a significant impact on the intellectual development of future generations. The average speech IQ (83.97 ± 17.05), the average operating IQ (81.93 ± 15.45) and the average total IQ (81.65 ± 15.32) in children aged 6-12 years in the father smoking group were significantly lower than those in the non-smoking group (96.00 ± 13.42 ), The average operating IQ (91.86 ± 15.43), the average total IQ (94.02 ± 12.63) between the very significant difference (P <0.01). And the more serious the degree of smoking, the lower the IQ of their children, showed a dose-effect relationship. More than 20 cigarettes were smoked each day, and their children were mentally retarded (FIQ <70 prevalence rate was 43.5% (20/46); in non-smokers group, mentally retarded children was only 4.8% (3/63); RR = 9.06, P <0.01).