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溶血磷脂酸(LPA)是一种具有多种生物学活性的磷脂信使,对各种血细胞、血管壁细胞、心肌细胞、成纤维细胞等具有多种特异性作用。循环中的LPA主要由激活的血小板释放,并引起血小板的聚集。研究发现,在一定的条件下,LPA会促进动脉粥样硬化和血栓形成,从而可能加重心血管疾病特别是缺血性心脏病的发展。在冠状动脉粥样硬化早期,LPA增加血管内膜的通透性,使内膜的屏障功能异常,并在发病的后期加重血小板在内膜上的聚集及黏附,动脉内血栓形成,甚至粥样斑块破裂,冠状动脉闭塞,以致发生心肌缺血或心肌梗死。LPA还具有促进心肌细胞肥大和成纤维细胞增殖等作用,加重了心肌梗死后的心肌肥厚,因此,LPA与缺血性心脏病的发生和发展有密切关系。
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a phospholipid messenger that has a variety of biological activity and has a variety of specific effects on various blood cells, vascular wall cells, cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts and the like. The circulating LPA is mainly released by activated platelets and causes platelet aggregation. The study found that under certain conditions, LPA can promote atherosclerosis and thrombosis, which may aggravate the development of cardiovascular disease, especially ischemic heart disease. In the early stage of coronary atherosclerosis, LPA increases the permeability of the intima of the blood vessel, making the dysfunction of the intima of the barrier and aggravating the aggregation and adhesion of platelets in the intima at the later stages of the disease, arterial thrombosis, and even atherosclerosis Plaque rupture, coronary occlusion, resulting in myocardial ischemia or myocardial infarction. LPA also has the role of promoting cardiac hypertrophy and fibroblast proliferation, increased myocardial hypertrophy after myocardial infarction, therefore, LPA and ischemic heart disease is closely related to the occurrence and development.