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为实现新疆棉杆的生物质能合理利用,以新疆乌苏市皇宫镇的棉杆为典型样本,进行生物质燃烧特性研究。对棉杆样品进行了工业分析和热重分析,对其燃烧产物-灰样进行熔融烧结实验和汞含量分析。利用X射线荧光光谱仪对完全燃烧温度分别为400、600、800℃的灰样的微量元素成分进行分析,并对灰样中重金属汞含量进行测定。研究发现:棉杆的燃烧过程经历了2个失重峰值,当燃烧温度到达800℃时,棉杆的失重率几乎为零;灰样中K元素含量随温度升高而减少;Cl元素含量在燃烧温度为400和600℃时基本一致,当燃烧温度升高到800℃时,Cl几乎全部析出,灰样中的其它元素含量基本没有变化。400℃灰样中金属元素主要以碳酸盐、硅酸盐和氯化物的形式存在;600℃时灰样中形成的化合物较为复杂;800℃灰样中金属元素主要以氧化物的形式存在。棉杆中的汞含量远低于现有电站的燃煤含量,其燃烧的固体产物灰中的汞含量也比煤灰少。
In order to realize the rational utilization of biomass in Xinjiang cotton stalks, the cotton stalks of Huanggong town in Wusu, Xinjiang were selected as the typical samples to study the biomass combustion characteristics. Industrial analysis and thermogravimetric analysis were carried out on the cotton stalk samples. The melting and sintering tests and the mercury content analysis of the combustion products - ash samples were carried out. The trace elements in ash samples with full combustion temperatures of 400, 600 and 800 ℃ were analyzed by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, and the content of heavy metal mercury in ash samples was determined. The results showed that the burning process of cotton stalk underwent two weightless peaks. When the combustion temperature reached 800 ℃, the weight loss rate of stalk was almost zero. The content of K in ash sample decreased with the increase of temperature. When the temperature is 400 and 600 ℃, it is basically the same. When the combustion temperature rises to 800 ℃, almost all of Cl is precipitated, and the contents of other elements in the ash sample are basically unchanged. At 400 ℃, the metal elements mainly exist in the form of carbonates, silicates and chlorides. The compounds formed at 600 ℃ are more complex. The metal elements at 800 ℃ are mainly in the form of oxides. The mercury content of cotton stalks is much lower than that of existing power stations and the mercury content of the burned solid product ash is also less than that of coal ash.