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我国是世界最大的小麦条锈病流行区之一,全国4亿多亩小麦过去曾多次大流行,产量损失严重。30多年来,由于育种和植保科学工作者协力研究,选育推广了大量高产抗锈品种,查明了条锈越夏、越冬、菌源传播和春季流行规律,制定一套有实用价值的测报方法,系统监测病菌小种消长动态,提出了品种合理布局的规划和研制推广高效广谱新农药粉锈宁。这对控制条锈病流行起了重大作用,保证了关中、华北广大冬麦区多年来小麦高产丰收。但有些问题,仍值得重视和探讨。 几个值得注意的问题 1.小麦条锈病还在流行 根据部分重要麦区不完全资料统计(表),
China is one of the most endemic areas for stripe rust of wheat in the world. Over 400 million mu of wheat in the country have suffered from multiple pandemics in the past, causing serious losses in output. For more than 30 years, thanks to the concerted efforts of breeders and plant protection scientists, breeding and popularizing a large number of high-yielding rust-resistant cultivars, identifying the stripe rust over summer, overwintering, spawning and spring epidemic rules, and formulating a set of practical measurement reports Methods and systems were used to monitor the dynamic growth and development of races of germs, proposed the rational layout of varieties and developed and promoted the efficient and broad-spectrum new pesticide triadimenon. This has played a significant role in controlling the epidemic of stripe rust, ensuring high yields of wheat in Guanzhong and North China’s vast winter wheat regions over the years. However, some problems still deserve attention and discussion. A few noteworthy issues 1. Wheat stripe rust is still prevalent Based on some incomplete information statistics (table)