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材料的疲劳过程是能量耗散的过程,在宏观上表现为热耗散,能量理论是研究材料疲劳行为微观机理和宏观现象的桥梁。文中利用红外热像仪对具有颈缩部分的45号钢试件疲劳过程中的温度变化进行了研究,探讨了影响温度变化的机制,并介绍了快速确定45号钢疲劳极限的方法。实验结果表明,该方法所测得的疲劳极限合理,且该方法具有非接触、便捷、低成本等优点。
The process of material fatigue is the process of energy dissipation, which shows as heat dissipation in the macroscopic view. Energy theory is a bridge to study the micro-mechanism and macroscopic phenomenon of material fatigue behavior. In this paper, the temperature changes during the fatigue process of 45 # steel with a necked part were studied by using infrared camera. The mechanism of temperature change was discussed. A method to quickly determine the fatigue limit of 45 # steel was introduced. The experimental results show that the fatigue limit measured by the method is reasonable, and the method has the advantages of non-contact, convenient and low cost.