论文部分内容阅读
健康影响评估(HIA:Health Impact Assessment)为那些希望将健康方面的考量引入规划过程的人提供了一种吸引人的方法。目前,HIA主要应用于美国以外的国家,并由公共健康领域的专家带头,但其有望解决规划所涉及的人类健康问题。本文阐述了HIA的历史及与其他类似工具的关系,回顾了HIA的现有理论和实践,并讨论了其在目前规划措施中所扮演的角色。笔者认为,通过完善既有的HIA工具,可使规划师认识到HIA对于当下规划过程是有用的补充而非累赘的附加要求。笔者在文末探讨了HIA具有的独特优势,其更加明确地关注人类健康这一重要问题,从而能够与公共健康和相关领域的潜在盟友进行进一步紧密合作。
The HIA (Health Impact Assessment) provides an appealing way for those who want to bring health considerations into the planning process. Currently, HIA is mainly used outside the United States and is led by experts in the field of public health, but it is expected to solve the human health issues involved in planning. This article describes HIA’s history and its relationship to other similar tools, reviews HIA’s current theory and practice, and discusses its role in current planning initiatives. The author believes that by refining existing HIA tools, planners can recognize that HIA is an additional rather than a cumbersome additional requirement for the current planning process. At the end of this article I explore the unique advantages that HIA offers to focus more clearly on the important issue of human health so that it can work more closely with potential allies in public health and related fields.