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目的了解某监狱在押罪错人员结核感染状况,针对易感人群采取有效预防措施。方法采取整群抽样法抽取某监狱1 871名男性在押罪错人员调查结核感染情况,采用标准化结核菌素纯蛋白衍生物试验(PPD试验),运用社会学、结核感染流行病学特点等进行分析。结果在押罪错人员PPD试验总阳性率65%,其中汉族罪错人员PPD试验阳性率74%,均高于回族(59%)、藏族(48%)及其他民族的罪错人员(61%)(χ2=16.27,P<0.05);而藏族罪错人员PPD试验阳性率48%,均低于汉族(74%)、回族(59%)及其他民族的罪错人员(61%)(χ2=9.49,P<0.05)。按年龄段划分31~50岁段人群PPD试验阳性率(73%)均高于其他年龄段(χ2=45.587,P<0.05)。结论某监狱在押罪错人员结核感染人群中汉族感染率最高,藏族最低;年龄段划分以31~50岁段感染率最高、≦20岁段最低,防控措施应对高感染率人群尤其强阳性者密切追踪,必要时预防性投药,及时发现和治疗结核病患者;同时针对藏族罪错人员这一特殊群体采取有效的措施加以预防。
Objective To understand the tuberculosis infection among prisoners in a prison and take effective preventive measures against the susceptible population. Methods A total of 1 871 male prisoners in charge of misconduct were investigated by cluster sampling method in our hospital. The standardized test of tuberculin derivative (PPD) was used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis. Results The total positive rate of PPD test was 65%. Among them, the positive rate of PPD test was 74% in Han Chinese, which was higher than that of Hui (59%), Tibetan (48%) and other ethnic groups (61%) (χ2 = 16.27, P <0.05). However, the positive rate of PPD in Tibetan sinners was 48%, which was lower than that of Han (74%), Hui (59%) and other ethnic groups (χ2 = 9.49, ). According to the age group, the positive rate of PPD test (73%) in 31 ~ 50 age group was higher than other age groups (χ2 = 45.587, P <0.05). Conclusions The infection rate of Han nationality is the highest among the prisoners with misconduct in charge of prisons, and the lowest is in Tibetans. The infection rate is the highest in the age group of 31 ~ 50 years old, the lowest in the age of 20 years, and the prevention and control measures are particularly strong in those with high infection rate Follow-up, prophylactically administer drugs if necessary, and detect and treat TB patients in a timely manner. At the same time, we should take effective measures to prevent this particular group of Tibetan sinless persons.