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目的了解湖北省十堰地区手足口病的流行状况与病原动态分布变化,进一步优化检测方案,以探求该市手足口病的流行特征与防控对策。方法分析该市2008-2009年手足口病临床诊断病例的报告资料;收集十堰市233例手足口病病例的疱疹液或咽拭子标本,提取病毒RNA,以RT-PCR或荧光定量PCR进行核酸检测分型。结果手足口病全年均可在该市各地流行,病原以CA16和EV71型为主;时间分布:以5-7月为主;年龄分布:以<5岁散居或幼托儿童为主;检出率:疱疹标本明显高于咽拭标本,荧光定量PCR明显高于RT-PCR。结论该市各县(市、区)全年均不同程度出现以CA16和EV71型为主的手足口病流行,5-7月应重点加强对全市托幼机构手足口病的防控;建议采用以采集疱疹液为主、咽拭子为辅,用荧光定量PCR进行核酸检测的检测方案。
Objective To understand the prevalence and pathogen distribution of hand-foot-mouth disease in Shiyan area of Hubei province and further optimize the detection scheme to explore the epidemiological characteristics and prevention and control measures of hand-foot-mouth disease in this city. Methods The report of clinical diagnosis of HFMD in 2008-2009 in the city was collected. Herpes fluid or throat swab samples from 233 cases of HFMD in Shiyan were collected and the viral RNA was extracted. The nucleic acids were extracted by RT-PCR or real-time PCR Detection typing. Results Hand-foot-mouth disease was endemic in the city all year round. The pathogen was mainly CA16 and EV71. The distribution was mainly in May-July. The age distribution was mainly in the diaspora or kindergarten <5 years old. Out rate: herpes specimens were significantly higher than pharyngeal swab specimens, fluorescence quantitative PCR was significantly higher than RT-PCR. Conclusion The prevalence of hand-foot-mouth disease mainly in CA16 and EV71 appeared in all counties (cities and districts) in the city in varying degrees throughout the year, and the prevention and control of hand-foot-mouth disease in kindergarten in the city from May to July should be emphasized. To collect herpes solution, throat swab supplemented by fluorescent quantitative PCR for nucleic acid testing program.