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本文论述了星跟踪器光学系统设计的特点及其像差校正,给出了确定参数的依据。最后,以设计实例说明了点扩散函数的变化。在星光制导的空间飞行器中是由星跟踪器来提供精确的空间方位信息。自七十年代以来,由于,电荷耦合器件(CCD)的问世使星跟踪器的精度、稳定性和可靠性都得到了大大地提高。以CCD作为探测器的星跟踪器应用图像求心技术可以获得比象素角分辨率还要高的测量和跟踪精度。星跟踪器光学系统的结构参数、成像质量和最佳离焦量(用来获得最佳的点扩散函数)的选择对提高测量和跟踪精度都是至关重要的。
This paper discusses the characteristics of star tracker optical system design and its aberration correction, given the basis for determining the parameters. Finally, the variation of the point spread function is illustrated with a design example. In star-guided spacecraft, star trackers provide accurate spatial orientation information. Since the 1970s, the advent of charge coupled devices (CCDs) has greatly increased the accuracy, stability and reliability of star trackers. The star tracker with CCD as the detector can obtain the measurement and tracking accuracy even higher than the resolution of the pixel angle by using the image centering technique. The choice of the structure parameters of the star tracker optical system, the imaging quality, and the optimum amount of defocus (used to obtain the best point spread function) are crucial to improving both measurement and tracking accuracy.