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新生儿产伤大多由于难产处理或手术操作不当所致,是可以防止或避免的。积极做好预防工作,提高助产技术,是防治新生儿产伤的重要措施。一、新生儿骨折(一)锁骨骨折:是产时损伤性骨折最常见的一种.顶产式胎肩娩出困难时,往往因助产者牵拉局部过重而造成,亦可发生于臀位牵引时。骨折多位于锁骨中段或中、外1/3交界处。患侧上肢紧靠胸侧不能活动,局部肿胀血肿或有骨摩擦音,患侧拥抱反射消失。X 线拍片可确诊。治疗可在患儿腋下安置棉垫或绷带卷,患肢用绷带固定于胸前。2周痊愈,患肢恢复活动局部压痛消失时即可解除绷带。预后佳。护理应注意固定上肢手指的血循环,如手指肿胀、发绀、运动障碍或吵闹不安,则要注意是否腋静脉及臂丛神经受压。
Neonatal birth injury mostly due to dystocia or surgical improper operation can be prevented or avoided. To actively prevent and improve midwifery technology is an important measure to prevent neonatal birth trauma. First, the fracture of newborns (a) clavicle fracture: is the most common type of traumatic injury during delivery. Top type of shoulder delivery difficulties, often due to local labor to pull the local overweight caused, but also can occur in the buttocks When pulling. Fractures and more in the middle of the clavicle, the outer 1/3 junction. Ipsilateral upper limb close to the chest can not move, local swelling or hematoma or bone friction sound, ipsilateral embrace reflex disappears. X-ray film can be diagnosed. Treatment can be placed under the armpit in patients with pads or bandages, limbs with bandages fixed to the chest. 2 weeks healed, limb recovery activities to relieve local tenderness can relieve the bandage. Good prognosis. Nursing care should be taken to fix the upper limb blood circulation, such as swollen fingers, cyanosis, dyskinesia or noisy, we must pay attention to whether the armpit vein and brachial plexus compression.