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目的了解天津市城乡18岁及以上居民血脂边缘升高和异常的患病率、分布特征及其相关因素。方法根据国家营养监测方案,分别在2010、2011和2012年选取天津市河西区、北辰区、静海县作为监测点,对18岁及以上居民进行调查,描述性分析居民血脂状况及分布特征,采用单因素、多因素非条件logisitic回归分析血脂边缘升高和异常的相关因素。结果调查人群总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)及高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)平均水平分别是4.86±1.18、1.47±1.18和1.45±0.32 mmol/L。血脂异常总患病率为27.4%,其中高TC、高TG、低HDL-C患病率分别为11.7%、13.4%和7.6%;TC和TG边缘升高率分别为23.4%和13.9%。多因素非条件logisitic回归分析结果表明,男性、超重、肥胖、久坐为血脂异常的相关因素,经常锻炼、偶尔锻炼是血脂异常的保护因素;中心型肥胖、郊区、农村、老年、现在吸烟、饮酒为TC边缘升高的相关因素,而男性为保护因素;肥胖、中心型肥胖、高血压为TG边缘升高的相关因素,郊区则为保护因素。结论天津市18岁及以上人群血脂边缘升高及异常患病率已达到较高水平。根据血脂边缘升高及异常的分布特点及相关因素,针对性地开展综合干预措施降低血脂水平,具有重要的公共卫生学意义。
Objective To understand the prevalence, distribution and related factors of elevated and abnormal blood lipids in urban and rural residents aged 18 and over in Tianjin. Methods According to the National Nutrition Surveillance Program, Hexi District, Beichen District and Jinghai County of Tianjin were selected as monitoring points in 2010, 2011 and 2012 respectively. Residents aged 18 and over were surveyed to describe descriptively the blood lipid status and distribution characteristics of residents. Univariate and multivariate non - conditional logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the related factors of elevated and abnormal lipid margins. Results The average levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in the survey population were 4.86 ± 1.18, 1.47 ± 1.18 and 1.45 ± 0.32 mmol / L, respectively. The total prevalence of dyslipidemia was 27.4%. The prevalence rates of high TC, high TG and low HDL-C were 11.7%, 13.4% and 7.6% respectively. The rising rates of TC and TG margin were 23.4% and 13.9% respectively. Multivariate non-conditional logistic regression analysis showed that male, overweight, obesity, sedentary were the related factors of dyslipidemia. Regular exercise and occasional exercise were protective factors of dyslipidemia. Central obesity, suburban, rural, old age, smoking now, Drinking alcohol is the relevant factor for the rising edge of TC, while male is the protective factor; obesity, central obesity and hypertension are the related factors of the rising edge of TG, while the suburbs are the protective factors. Conclusion The elevated blood lipids and the abnormal prevalence of blood lipids in people aged 18 years and over in Tianjin have reached a high level. According to the characteristics of the elevated and abnormal lipid distribution and related factors, it is of great public health significance to carry out comprehensive interventions to reduce blood lipid levels.