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汤若望的《主制群征》是晚明西学名著,其中论及神经、骨度,尤为中、日、朝鲜三地学者所注意。汤书本来是神学书的翻译,其翻译医理之精粗得失,向来未为学者所深究。本篇以汤书所论神经与骨度两节为例,审读原典,较量翻译,并将东方读者的“误读”稍作考查,其旨要在于说明,西学东传,传教士的著述意图(传教),与东方读者的阅读意图(考究实学)错配,此现象并不罕见。在此环境下,翻译的偏正精粗,对读者理解上的正误,以及西学东传的实效,攸关重要。像《主制群征》这样的西学名著,我们要非考查原典背景与内文,细心衡量翻译上的得失,是绝不容易对其传扬西学的贡献作出公允的评价的。
The “master system syndrome” of the soup was the late Ming dynasty masterpiece of western science, which paid attention to the nerves and the bone structure, especially to the scholars from China, Japan and North Korea. The soup book was originally a translation of the theological book, whose essence of translation and medical treatment has never been studied by scholars. This article takes the two sections of the book about neural and bone as examples. It examines the original texts and translates the texts and translates the “misreadings” of the oriental readers for a brief examination. The purpose of this text is to explain that the intention of the missionaries (Preaching), and Oriental readers reading intention (elegant real learning) mismatch, this phenomenon is not uncommon. Under this circumstance, it is of great importance that the correctness of the translation, the correct understanding of the reader, and the effectiveness of the spread of Western learning. Such as the “system of dominant syndrome” such as Western masterpieces, we need to examine the original background and text, carefully measure the translation gains and losses, it is by no means easy to make a fair evaluation of its contribution to promote Western learning.