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棕榈科植物槟榔(Areca catechu)主要分布于热带地区,其果实槟榔具有多种药理作用,但至今未见有关抗抑郁作用的报道。本实验对槟榔乙醇提取物(ACE)的抗抑郁作用进行了研究。 实验方法:采用强迫游泳试验(FST)、尾悬挂试验(TST)、育亨宾宁碱试验和运动试验来研究槟榔的抗抑郁作用。FST使用Wistar雄性大鼠;TST和运动试验使用NMRI雄性小鼠。各实验以氯吉兰和生理盐水作为对照,在实验前1h给予不同浓度的ACE溶液。统计方法采用F检验。 实验结果:①ACE的LD(50)为600mg/kg。②4、10、13、50、80和100mg/kg的ACE(腹腔注射)对实验动物的作用差异显著。FST表明,10、13和50mg/kg ACE分别使大鼠不动时间缩短24％、49％和53％,而80、100mg/kg的ACE却分别使不动时间延长了16％和21％。TST表明,4～80mg/kgACE可显著缩短不动时间,而100mg/kgACE却使不动时间延长。另外,还采用育亨宾宁碱致死试验和运动试验进一步研究了ACE抗抑郁的机理,给予ACE未使育亨宾宁碱引起的小鼠死亡数增加,而且小鼠的行为也无明显变化。ACE组小鼠的运动活性与对照组间未见明显差异。 由于槟榔中含有两种具有相反作用的活性物质,所以随给药浓度的不同呈现双向作用。在4～80mg/kg范围内,ACE具有显著的抗抑郁作用。
The Areca catechu palm plant is mainly distributed in the tropics. The betel nut has many pharmacological effects. However, no report about the antidepressant effect has been reported so far. In this experiment, the antidepressant effect of ethanol extract (ACE) from areca was studied. Experimental method: The antidepressant effect of areca was studied by means of forced swim test (FST), tail suspension test (TST), yohimbine base test and exercise test. Wistar male rats were used for FST; NMRI male mice were used for TST and exercise tests. Chlorogiline and saline were used as controls in each experiment. Different concentrations of ACE solution were given 1 h before the experiment. The statistical method uses the F test. Experimental results: 1 The LD(50) of ACE was 600 mg/kg. 24, 10, 13, 50, 80 and 100 mg/kg of ACE (intraperitoneal injection) showed significant differences in experimental animals. FST showed that 10, 13 and 50 mg/kg ACE reduced the immobility time of rats by 24%, 49% and 53% respectively, while 80 and 100 mg/kg of ACE prolonged the immobility time by 16% and 21%, respectively. TST showed that 4-80 mg/kg ACE significantly shortened immobility time, while 100 mg/kg ACE prolonged immobility time. In addition, the euhimbine base lethality test and exercise test were used to further study the mechanism of ACE antidepressant, ACE did not increase the number of mice death caused by yohimbine base, and the behavior of mice did not change significantly. There was no significant difference between the exercise activity of mice in the ACE group and the control group. Because there are two kinds of active substances in the betel nut that have the opposite effect, they show a two-way effect with the different concentration. In the range of 4 to 80 mg/kg, ACE has a significant antidepressant effect.