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目的:了解广东省广州从化市城区学龄前儿童忽视现状,为相关部门采取防治儿童忽视措施提供数据。方法:采用随机整群抽样的方法用《中国3～6岁城区儿童忽视状况评价问卷》调查广东省广州从化市4所幼儿园3～6岁的536名儿童家长或照顾该儿童的其他家庭成员进行统计分析。结果:广东省广州从化市学龄前儿童总忽视率为48.32%,总忽视度为45.51,儿童忽视现况严重。男女童的总忽视率分别为48.45%和48.11%,两者比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);男女童的总忽视度分别为45.58和45.41,两者差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。年龄组间儿童的总忽视率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),总忽视度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同年龄组的情感、教育、医疗层面忽视率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中3岁组情感、教育、医疗层面忽视率最大,6岁组相对各层面忽视率较低,随着年龄增大,忽视率逐渐减小。不同年龄组的教育、医疗忽视度差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),其中3岁组的教育、医疗忽视度最大,6岁组的最小,随着年龄增大,忽视度逐渐减小。不同家庭类型儿童总忽视率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),总忽视度差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);不同家庭类型儿童的身体忽视率、身体和医疗忽视度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。单亲家庭儿童各层面忽视率和忽视度均较高。结论:广东省广州从化市学龄前儿童忽视现况严重,应引起重视。
Objectives: To understand the status of neglect of preschool children in Conghua City, Guangdong Province, and to provide relevant data for prevention and treatment of children neglect. Methods: A random sample of 536 children from 3 to 6 years old in 4 kindergartens in Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, or other family members who took care of the children were investigated by random cluster sampling method Statistical Analysis. Results: The total ignorance rate of preschool children in Conghua City, Guangdong Province was 48.32%. The total neglect degree was 45.51. Children ignored the seriousness of the situation. The total neglect rates of boys and girls were 48.45% and 48.11% respectively, with no significant difference between the two groups (P> 0.05). The total ignorance of boys and girls were 45.58 and 45.41 respectively, with no significant difference (P> 0.05). There was no significant difference in the total neglect rate among children in different age groups (P> 0.05). There was no significant difference in total neglect (P> 0.05). There were significant differences in the ignorance rates of emotion, education and medical in different age groups (P <0.05), of which the ignorance was the highest in the three-year-old group at affection, education and medical care, As the age increases, the rate of neglect decreases. The difference of education and medical neglect in different age groups was statistically significant (P <0.01). The 3-year-old group had the most neglect of education and medical care, the smallest of 6-year-old group, and gradually decreased with age. There was no significant difference in the total neglect rate among children of different family types (P> 0.05), and the total neglect degree was statistically significant (P <0.01). There was a statistically significant difference in body neglect rate, physical and medical neglect rate among children of different family types Significance (P <0.05). Neglect rates and ignorance were higher among children in single-parent families at all levels. Conclusion: The prevalence of preschool children in Conghua City, Guangdong Province, is neglected, which deserves our attention.