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以盆栽红地球/贝达葡萄为试材,定量浇灌Na Cl、Na2SO4、Na HCO3、NH4Cl和(NH4)2SO4,筛选导致葡萄叶片黄化的盐、碱离子,研究不同盐碱类型胁迫对葡萄植株离子分布的影响.结果表明:Na HCO3对植株影响最大,叶片在处理14 d时出现黄化症状,而Na Cl和NH4Cl处理28 d时出现黄化症状.Na HCO3和Na Cl处理均显著增加了植株各器官中Na+含量,Na HCO3处理根中Na+含量是对照的6.4倍;这两种盐处理均降低了除叶片外其他器官中的K+含量,Na HCO3处理显著降低了各器官中K/Na,根中K/Na仅为0.1,Na Cl处理降低了除茎外其他器官中K/Na;这两种盐处理还降低了Ca2+、Mg2+、Fe2+向地上部的运输.NH4Cl、(NH4)2SO4和Na2SO4处理降低了植株各器官中K/Na,以NH4Cl处理显著.碱性盐Na HCO3对葡萄叶片黄化影响最大,其次是中性盐Na Cl,再次是NH4Cl,而(NH4)2SO4和Na2SO4影响较小.
Taking potted Red Globe / Beida grapes as test material, NaCl, Na2SO4, NaHCO3, NH4Cl and (NH4) 2SO4 were quantitatively screened to screen yellowing salts and alkali ions of grape leaves and to study the effect of different salt and alkali stress on grape plants The results showed that Na HCO3 had the most significant effect on the plant, the leaf symptom appeared yellow on the 14th day, while the yellow symptom appeared on the 28th day after NaCl and NH4Cl treatment.NaHCO3 and NaCl increased significantly The content of Na + in all organs of plants was 6.4 times higher than that in Na HCO3 treated roots. Both treatments reduced the content of K + in organs except leaves, while Na + / HCO3 treatment significantly decreased the K / Na ratio in all organs , K / Na in the root was only 0.1, NaCl treatment reduced K / Na in other organs except stem; Both treatments also reduced the transport of Ca2 +, Mg2 + and Fe2 + to aerial part.NH4Cl, (NH4) 2SO4 And Na2SO4 decreased K / Na in all organs of plants, with NH4Cl treatment significantly.NaHCO3 had the most significant effect on yellowing of grape leaves, followed by NaCl neutral salt and NH4Cl again, whereas (NH4) 2SO4 and Na2SO4 Less affected.