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背景 2001年9月11日,美国世贸中心发生恐怖袭击事件,纽约消防局(FDNY)数千名救援人员暴露于粉尘导致第一年肺功能下降。我们将确定暴露的长期作用。方法采用线性混合模式,我们对纽约消防局在职和退休救援者,从2000年3月12日至2008年9月11日,每隔12～18个月常规做肺量测定,即对一秒钟用力呼气量(FEV1)进行分析。结果将2001年9月11日至2001年9月24日参加世贸中心救援的纽约消防局13954名中的12781名救援人员纳入本研究,做了61746次肺量测定。跟踪的中位年,消防队员6.1年,急诊医疗服务(EMS)人员6.4年。第一年,所有救援人员的平均FEV1都有显著下降,与不吸烟的EMS相比下降267ml[95%CI(263,271)],不吸烟的消防队员的FEV1下降的幅度要大,下降439ml[95%CI(408,471)],两组比较P<0.001。跟踪6年,FEV1很少有或几乎没有恢复,消防队员FEV1下降25ml/年,EMS人员下降40ml/年。从不吸烟且FEV1低于正常范围下限者比例增加,第一年,消防队员从3%至18%、EMS人员从12%至22%;随后6年跟踪,消防队员比例稳定在13%;而EMS人员为22%。结论纽约消防局世贸中心粉尘暴露者,第一年FEV1大幅度下降。总之,这些下降呈持续状态,且经6年未能恢复,救援人员肺功能异常占很大比例。
Background On 11 September 2001, a terrorist attack at the United States World Trade Center and the exposure of thousands of rescue workers in the New York Fire Department (FDNY) to dust led to a decline in lung function in the first year. We will determine the long-term effects of exposure. Methods Linear mixed mode, we New York City Fire Department serving and retiring, from March 12, 2000 to September 11, 2008, every 12 to 18 months routine spirometry, that is, for a second Forced expiratory volume (FEV1) analysis. Results A total of 12,781 rescue workers out of 13,954 New York Fire Department personnel attending the World Trade Center’s rescue from September 11, 2001 to September 24, 2001 were included in the study and 6,1746 spirometry tests were performed. Tracing the median year, firefighters 6.1 years, emergency medical services (EMS) personnel 6.4 years. In the first year, the average FEV1 drop in all rescue workers was 267 ml [95% CI (263, 271)] lower than in non-smokers, and the decline in FEV1 for non-smokers was 439 ml [95 % CI (408,471)], P <0.001 for both groups. After 6 years of follow-up, there was little or no recovery of FEV1, firefighter FEV1 decreased by 25ml / year and EMS staff decreased by 40ml / year. In the first year, the proportion of firefighters from 3% to 18% and EMS staff from 12% to 22%; followed by 6 years of follow-up, the proportion of firefighters remained stable at 13%; and the proportion of non-smokers with FEV1 below the lower limit of normal range increased EMS staff is 22%. Conclusions The dust exposure of the New York Fire Station World Trade Center decreased significantly in the first year. In conclusion, these declines were in a continuous state, and failed to recover after 6 years. Residents of the relief workers accounted for a large proportion of lung dysfunction.