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编辑同志: 《安徽农业科学》1963年第4期上发表的施久筹、晁明亮两同志写的《白土旱地的轮作制度研究》一文,对我帮助很大。但也觉得文中有几处不妥,特提出来供施、晁两同志参考。一、施、晃两同志认为,第一种轮作制度(即小麦——大豆——小麦——山芋)是一种用地与养地相結合的较好形式。我看不一定。从作物安排上看,三季作物中就有雨季(山芋、小麦)是耗肥作物。一季(大豆)是养地作物。种在大豆茬的小麦,由于土壤养份比较高,获得了亩产二百五十六斤;但是在山芋之后种的小麦就会因土壤养份降低,而保不住二百五十六斤的亩产。芋茬小麦收获后,土壤有机质要增加0.17%、全氮量只消耗0.0072%、速效磷要增加1.5ppmm、速效钾要增加15ppmm(即保持土壤有机質为1.34%、全氮量为0.0642%、速效磷为6.1ppm、速效鉀为40.0ppm)时才能保持大豆亩产七十四斤的水平,但事实上,小麦种后不可能增加土壤养份。所以说,芋茬种的小麦和芋茬小麦
Editorial comrades: “Agricultural Science in Anhui” 1963 fourth published on the long chips, Chao Mingliang two comrades, “White Earth Dryland Rotation System,” a text, a great help to me. However, I also think there are a few problems in the text, especially for reference, Comrade Chao two reference. First, Shi, Huang comrades that the first rotation system (that is, wheat - soybeans - wheat - potato) is a combination of land and raised a better form. I do not think so. From the point of view of crop arrangement, there are rainy seasons (potato, wheat) among the three seasons of crops that are fertilizer-consuming crops. A quarter (soybean) is a land-growing crop. The wheat planted in soybean stubble received a yield of 156 kilograms per mu due to its high nutrient content in the soil; however, the wheat planted after the potato would lose 250 kilograms of mu due to the reduction of soil nutrients Production. After the harvest of taro wheat, soil organic matter was increased by 0.17%, total nitrogen consumption was only 0.0072%, available phosphorus was increased by 1.5ppmm, available potassium was increased by 15ppmm (that is, soil organic matter was 1.34%, total nitrogen was 0.0642% Available phosphorus is 6.1ppm, available potassium 40.0ppm) to maintain the level of seventy-four pounds of soybean per mu, but in fact, the wheat can not increase soil nutrients. So, taro varieties of wheat and taro wheat