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目的探讨开封市成年脑卒中患者社会支持状况及其影响因素。方法采用简单随机抽样的方法选取河南省开封市某三级甲等医院271名脑卒中患者为研究对象,根据年龄划分为中青年组(24~64岁)和老年组(≥65岁),运用脑卒中患者基本资料调查表、社会支持评定量表、家庭关怀度量表和特质应对方式问卷进行调查。结果中青年组脑卒中患者社会支持总分(38.92±4.45)、客观支持得分(10.32±1.28)和主观支持得分(23.54±2.58)均高于老年脑卒中患者的社会支持总分(36.77±4.94)、客观支持得分(9.56±1.53)和主观支持得分(21.45±2.31),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。中青年脑卒中患者支持利用度得分(5.05±2.67)低于老年脑卒中患者(5.75±2.99),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度、家庭关怀是成年脑卒中患者社会支持的影响因素。结论成年脑卒中患者的社会支持水平较低,影响脑卒中患者生活质量的提高。
Objective To investigate the social support status of stroke patients in Kaifeng and its influencing factors. Methods A total of 271 stroke patients from a tertiary hospital in Kaifeng City of Henan Province were selected as the study subjects by simple random sampling method. They were divided into middle-aged group (24-64 years) and elderly group (≥65 years) according to their age. Stroke Patients Basic Information Questionnaire, Social Support Rating Scale, Family Care Questionnaire and Trait Response Questionnaire were investigated. Results The total social support score (38.92 ± 4.45), objective support score (10.32 ± 1.28) and subjective support score (23.54 ± 2.58) in stroke group were higher than those in elderly stroke patients (36.77 ± 4.94 ), Objective support score (9.56 ± 1.53) and subjective support score (21.45 ± 2.31), the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The utilization support score of young stroke patients was lower than that of elderly stroke patients (5.75 ± 2.99) (5.05 ± 2.67), the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Age, marital status, education level and family care are the influencing factors of social support for adult stroke patients. Conclusion The social support level of adult stroke patients is low, which affects the quality of life of stroke patients.