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近年来,芬兰制订了最新大坝安全法规,并于1984年8月1日颁布施行。在这一期间,我们取得了许多经验。新法规规定了适合于各个等级的检查、大坝安全文件汇集存档、水力、水文和结构的复核,并控制所有大坝的安全性于1988年底基于同一基准。作者主要体会是在于“大坝决口险情分析”的拟订及其成果对大坝决口应急行动计划的实施,及不同有益用途的大坝决口洪水演算数值模型的应用。本文将主要论述大坝决口险情分析、成果的应用和有关题目中的研究要求。
In recent years, Finland has enacted the latest dam safety regulations and promulgated them on August 1, 1984. During this period, we have gained much experience. The new legislation provides for the inspection of all levels, archiving of dam safety documents, review of hydraulics, hydrology and structure and control of all dams based on the same benchmark by the end of 1988. The main experience of the author lies in the formulation of the “analysis of dam rupture danger” and its application to the implementation of the emergency action plan for the dam burst and the application of the numerical model of the dam burst flood operation with different beneficial purposes. This article will mainly discuss the analysis of the dam rupture, the application of the results and the related research requirements.