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目的研究重庆地区19岁以下人群交通伤害的流行病特征,分析该人群交通事故伤害相关因素。方法收集重庆市南岸区、巴南区、江津区3个行政区2000~2006年各交警支队交通事故档案,获取0~19岁人群交通伤害数据,用描述流行病学分析该人群交通伤害特征。结果 2000~2006年重庆抽样地区共发生2 408起19岁以下人群伤亡事故,19岁以下受害者2641位,年均死亡率、受伤率分别为2.66/10万/年、54.54/10万/年;2001年后重庆青少年交通伤害有逐渐下降的趋势;15~19岁年龄组遭受交通伤害的风险最高;受害者中行人比例最高(死亡66.67%、受伤59.49%);头颈部损伤(38.76%)是最常见的交通伤害,同时也是首位致死原因;驾驶员过失(73.55%)是青少年交通伤的较常见原因;90%以上的事故发生于缺少交通信号管制与交警指挥的路段。结论应吸取发达国家先进经验,加强对司机、青少年、儿童的交通安全意识教育,增加安全防护措施,提高交通管理水平,为青少年及儿童提供安全的道路交通环境。
Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics of traffic injuries among people under the age of 19 in Chongqing and to analyze the related factors of traffic accident injuries in this population. Methods The traffic accident files of traffic police detachment in three districts of Nanan District, Banan District and Jiangjin District of Chongqing from 2000 to 2006 were collected, and the traffic injuries data of 0-19 years old were collected. The characteristics of traffic injuries of the population were analyzed by describing the epidemiology. Results A total of 2 408 casualties under the age of 19 were detected in the sampled areas of Chongqing from 2000 to 2006, while 2641 were under the age of 19. The average annual death rate was 2.66 / 100 000 / year and 54.54 / 100 000 / year respectively ; Traffic accident among adolescents in Chongqing tends to decrease gradually after 2001; The age group 15 to 19 has the highest risk of traffic injuries; The proportion of pedestrians in victims is the highest (66.67% of deaths and 59.49% of injuries); Head and neck injuries (38.76% ) Was the most common cause of traffic injuries and the first cause of death. The driver’s negligence (73.55%) was the most common cause of traffic injuries among teenagers. More than 90% of the accidents occurred in the areas lacking traffic signal control and traffic police command. Conclusions The developed countries should draw on their advanced experience to enhance their awareness of drivers’, adolescents and children’s traffic safety awareness, increase safety precautions and improve traffic management so as to provide a safe road traffic environment for young people and children.