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目的:调查潜水员的心理健康状况及其与个性、防御机制的关系。方法:采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、卡特尔16种个性因素问卷(16PF)和防御方式问卷(DSQ)对414名海军潜水员进行团体测验。结果:潜水员SCL-90的9项因子分均低于常模,与6种个性因素相关显著(P<0.01),与3种个性因素相关不显著(P>0.05),其余7种个性因素则与SCL-90的部分因子相关显著。潜水员主要应用成熟防御机制,不成熟和中间型防御机制与SCL-90的因子分之间相关显著。结论:潜水员心理健康状况良好,受个性和防御机制的影响较大。培养良好的个性和积极的防御机制将有助于维护心理健康,有利于顺利完成水下作业任务。
Objective: To investigate the diver’s mental health status and its relationship with individuality and defense mechanism. Methods: A total of 414 naval divers were group tested using Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90), Cartel 16 Personality Factors Questionnaire (16PF) and Defensiveness Questionnaire (DSQ). Results: Nine factors of diver SCL-90 were lower than norm, significant correlated with six personality factors (P <0.01), no significant correlation with three personality factors (P> 0.05), and the other seven personality factors Some factors related to SCL-90 were significant. Divers primarily apply a mature defense mechanism, with a significant correlation between immature and intermediate defense mechanisms and the SCL-90 factor score. Conclusion: Divers’ mental health is good and influenced by personality and defense mechanism. Cultivating good personality and active defense mechanisms will help maintain mental health and facilitate the successful completion of underwater operations.