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在锅炉压力容器安全性检测和安全性评定中,无损检测技术发挥着重要作用。它能探知缺陷的有无、大小、位置,乃至性质,从而使人们能够对锅炉压力容器的安全性做出正确的判定。渗透、磁粉、超声、X射线等方法是人们熟知和习用的。随着科学技术的进步,近些年来一些新的无损检测方法,如声发射法、红外热象法等崭露头角,有的已进入实用阶段。在新的无损检测技术家族中,最年轻的一员是激光散射法。起源于工程构件表面的材料缺陷时常导致难以逆料的失效。在表面缺陷中,最为危险的是周期载荷引起的疲劳裂纹、异物撞击造成的空洞和擦伤,以及腐蚀导致的蚀坑。已有一些方法可用来监测表面缺陷的发展,
Nondestructive testing plays an important role in the safety assessment of boiler pressure vessels and their safety assessment. It can detect the presence of defects, size, location, and even the nature, so that people can make the right pressure on the boiler to make the right to determine the safety. Infiltration, magnetic particle, ultrasound, X-ray and other methods are well-known and used. With the advancement of science and technology, some new non-destructive testing methods such as acoustic emission method and infrared thermography have emerged in recent years and some have entered the practical stage. The youngest member of the new NDT family is laser scattering. Material defects that originate from the surface of engineering components often lead to failure of retrograde material. Among the surface defects, the most dangerous are fatigue cracks caused by cyclic loading, voids and scratches caused by foreign matter impact, and corrosion pits caused by corrosion. There are ways to monitor the development of surface defects,