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目的了解某村细菌性痢疾暴发特点和规律,确定感染来源及传播途径,采取相应措施,控制疫情。方法对该村全体村民进行排查,对病人及密切接触者进行流行病学调查,同时开展水源及外环境调查,采集饮用水及病人粪便进行实验室检测。结果该村共发生菌痢病人82例,罹患率为19.52%,经流行病学调查发现患者均引用同一水源,外出不饮用此水源者不患病,实验室检测饮用水大肠杆菌严重超标,从病人粪便中检出宋内氏菌,外环境调查:出现病人前两天该地区普降几十年不遇的暴雨,雨水冲毁了蓄水池防护墙体,使源头水受到污染。结论本次疫情是由山洪爆发污染水源所致。
Objective To understand the characteristics and laws of outbreaks of bacillary dysentery in a village, determine the sources and routes of infection, and take appropriate measures to control the epidemic. Methods All villagers in the village were investigated, epidemiological investigation was conducted on patients and close contacts, water source and external environment were surveyed, and drinking water and patient’s stool were collected for laboratory testing. Results A total of 82 cases of bacillary dysentery were found in this village, with an attack rate of 19.52%. According to the epidemiological survey, all patients cited the same source of water and did not suffer from drinking without using this source of water. The laboratory test for E. coli in drinking water exceeded the standard seriously. In the excrement of the patient, the detection of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, outside the environment investigation: the patient two days before the general decline in the region several decades of heavy rain, rain destroyed the reservoir wall protection, so that the source of water pollution. Conclusion The epidemic was caused by the flash flood source.