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本文研究微重力条件下悬浮区中的表面张力梯度驱动对流。采用有限元方法数值研究二维、轴对称悬浮区中的定常流动和温度分布,讨论P_r数及自由面上散热条件的影响。计算表明,P_r数(M_α数)增大时,流区大部分自由表面上温度梯度减小,流区流速较小,对流热输运较扩散效应增强。只要能维持自由面上一定的温度梯度,在较大的P_r数(M_α数)时,仍能得到收敛的定常解。
In this paper, we study the surface tension gradient driving convection in suspension zone under microgravity. The finite element method was used to numerically study the steady flow and temperature distribution in a two-dimensional, axially symmetric suspension zone. The effects of P_r number and heat dissipation on free surface were discussed. The calculation shows that when the number of P_r increases (M_α number), the temperature gradient decreases on most free surfaces of the flow zone, and the flow velocity in the flow zone is smaller and the convective heat transport is more diffusive. As long as we can maintain a certain temperature gradient on the free surface, we can get a steady solution to the convergence at a large P_r number (M_α number).